everything-claude-code/skills/videodb/reference/editor.md

Timeline Editing Guide

VideoDB provides a non-destructive timeline editor for composing videos from multiple assets, adding text and image overlays, mixing audio tracks, and trimming clips — all server-side without re-encoding or local tools. Use this for trimming, combining clips, overlaying audio/music on video, adding subtitles, and layering text or images.

Prerequisites

Videos, audio, and images must be uploaded to a collection before they can be used as timeline assets. For caption overlays, the video must also be indexed for spoken words.

Core Concepts

Timeline

A Timeline is a virtual composition layer. Assets are placed on it either inline (sequentially on the main track) or as overlays (layered at a specific timestamp). Nothing modifies the original media; the final stream is compiled on demand.

from videodb.timeline import Timeline

timeline = Timeline(conn)

Assets

Every element on a timeline is an asset. VideoDB provides five asset types:

Asset	Import	Primary Use
VideoAsset	from videodb.asset import VideoAsset	Video clips (trim, sequencing)
AudioAsset	from videodb.asset import AudioAsset	Music, SFX, narration
ImageAsset	from videodb.asset import ImageAsset	Logos, thumbnails, overlays
TextAsset	from videodb.asset import TextAsset, TextStyle	Titles, captions, lower-thirds
CaptionAsset	from videodb.editor import CaptionAsset	Auto-rendered subtitles (Editor API)

Building a Timeline

Add Video Clips Inline

Inline assets play one after another on the main video track. The add_inline method only accepts VideoAsset:

from videodb.asset import VideoAsset

video_a = coll.get_video(video_id_a)
video_b = coll.get_video(video_id_b)

timeline = Timeline(conn)
timeline.add_inline(VideoAsset(asset_id=video_a.id))
timeline.add_inline(VideoAsset(asset_id=video_b.id))

stream_url = timeline.generate_stream()

Trim / Sub-clip

Use start and end on a VideoAsset to extract a portion:

# Take only seconds 10–30 from the source video
clip = VideoAsset(asset_id=video.id, start=10, end=30)
timeline.add_inline(clip)

VideoAsset Parameters

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
asset_id	str	required	Video media ID
start	float	0	Trim start (seconds)
end	float|None	None	Trim end (None = full)

Warning: The SDK does not validate negative timestamps. Passing start=-5 is silently accepted but produces broken or unexpected output. Always ensure start >= 0, start < end, and end <= video.length before creating a VideoAsset.

Text Overlays

Add titles, lower-thirds, or captions at any point on the timeline:

from videodb.asset import TextAsset, TextStyle

title = TextAsset(
    text="Welcome to the Demo",
    duration=5,
    style=TextStyle(
        fontsize=36,
        fontcolor="white",
        boxcolor="black",
        alpha=0.8,
        font="Sans",
    ),
)

# Overlay the title at the very start (t=0)
timeline.add_overlay(0, title)

TextStyle Parameters

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
fontsize	int	24	Font size in pixels
fontcolor	str	"black"	CSS colour name or hex
fontcolor_expr	str	""	Dynamic font colour expression
alpha	float	1.0	Text opacity (0.0–1.0)
font	str	"Sans"	Font family
box	bool	True	Enable background box
boxcolor	str	"white"	Background box colour
boxborderw	str	"10"	Box border width
boxw	int	0	Box width override
boxh	int	0	Box height override
line_spacing	int	0	Line spacing
text_align	str	"T"	Text alignment within the box
y_align	str	"text"	Vertical alignment reference
borderw	int	0	Text border width
bordercolor	str	"black"	Text border colour
expansion	str	"normal"	Text expansion mode
basetime	int	0	Base time for time-based expressions
fix_bounds	bool	False	Fix text bounds
text_shaping	bool	True	Enable text shaping
shadowcolor	str	"black"	Shadow colour
shadowx	int	0	Shadow X offset
shadowy	int	0	Shadow Y offset
tabsize	int	4	Tab size in spaces
x	str	"(main_w-text_w)/2"	Horizontal position expression
y	str	"(main_h-text_h)/2"	Vertical position expression

Audio Overlays

Layer background music, sound effects, or voiceover on top of the video track:

from videodb.asset import AudioAsset

music = coll.get_audio(music_id)

audio_layer = AudioAsset(
    asset_id=music.id,
    disable_other_tracks=False,
    fade_in_duration=2,
    fade_out_duration=2,
)

# Start the music at t=0, overlaid on the video track
timeline.add_overlay(0, audio_layer)

AudioAsset Parameters

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
asset_id	str	required	Audio media ID
start	float	0	Trim start (seconds)
end	float|None	None	Trim end (None = full)
disable_other_tracks	bool	True	When True, mutes other audio tracks
fade_in_duration	float	0	Fade-in seconds (max 5)
fade_out_duration	float	0	Fade-out seconds (max 5)

Image Overlays

Add logos, watermarks, or generated images as overlays:

from videodb.asset import ImageAsset

logo = coll.get_image(logo_id)

logo_overlay = ImageAsset(
    asset_id=logo.id,
    duration=10,
    width=120,
    height=60,
    x=20,
    y=20,
)

timeline.add_overlay(0, logo_overlay)

ImageAsset Parameters

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
asset_id	str	required	Image media ID
width	int|str	100	Display width
height	int|str	100	Display height
x	int	80	Horizontal position (px from left)
y	int	20	Vertical position (px from top)
duration	float|None	None	Display duration (seconds)

Caption Overlays

There are two ways to add captions to video.

Method 1: Subtitle Workflow (simplest)

Use video.add_subtitle() to burn subtitles directly onto a video stream. This uses the videodb.timeline.Timeline internally:

from videodb import SubtitleStyle

# Video must have spoken words indexed first (force=True skips if already done)
video.index_spoken_words(force=True)

# Add subtitles with default styling
stream_url = video.add_subtitle()

# Or customise the subtitle style
stream_url = video.add_subtitle(style=SubtitleStyle(
    font_name="Arial",
    font_size=22,
    primary_colour="&H00FFFFFF",
    bold=True,
))

Method 2: Editor API (advanced)

The Editor API (videodb.editor) provides a track-based composition system with CaptionAsset, Clip, Track, and its own Timeline. This is a separate API from the videodb.timeline.Timeline used above.

from videodb.editor import (
    CaptionAsset,
    Clip,
    Track,
    Timeline as EditorTimeline,
    FontStyling,
    BorderAndShadow,
    Positioning,
    CaptionAnimation,
)

# Video must have spoken words indexed first (force=True skips if already done)
video.index_spoken_words(force=True)

# Create a caption asset
caption = CaptionAsset(
    src="auto",
    font=FontStyling(name="Clear Sans", size=30),
    primary_color="&H00FFFFFF",
    back_color="&H00000000",
    border=BorderAndShadow(outline=1),
    position=Positioning(margin_v=30),
    animation=CaptionAnimation.box_highlight,
)

# Build an editor timeline with tracks and clips
editor_tl = EditorTimeline(conn)
track = Track()
track.add_clip(start=0, clip=Clip(asset=caption, duration=video.length))
editor_tl.add_track(track)
stream_url = editor_tl.generate_stream()

CaptionAsset Parameters

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
src	str	"auto"	Caption source ("auto" or base64 ASS string)
font	FontStyling|None	FontStyling()	Font styling (name, size, bold, italic, etc.)
primary_color	str	"&H00FFFFFF"	Primary text colour (ASS format)
secondary_color	str	"&H000000FF"	Secondary text colour (ASS format)
back_color	str	"&H00000000"	Background colour (ASS format)
border	BorderAndShadow|None	BorderAndShadow()	Border and shadow styling
position	Positioning|None	Positioning()	Caption alignment and margins
animation	CaptionAnimation|None	None	Animation effect (e.g., box_highlight, reveal, karaoke)

Compiling & Streaming

After assembling a timeline, compile it into a streamable URL. Streams are generated instantly - no render wait times.

stream_url = timeline.generate_stream()
print(f"Stream: {stream_url}")

For more streaming options (segment streams, search-to-stream, audio playback), see streaming.md.

Complete Workflow Examples

Highlight Reel with Title Card

import videodb
from videodb import SearchType
from videodb.exceptions import InvalidRequestError
from videodb.timeline import Timeline
from videodb.asset import VideoAsset, TextAsset, TextStyle

conn = videodb.connect()
coll = conn.get_collection()
video = coll.get_video("your-video-id")

# 1. Search for key moments
video.index_spoken_words(force=True)
try:
    results = video.search("product announcement", search_type=SearchType.semantic)
    shots = results.get_shots()
except InvalidRequestError as exc:
    if "No results found" in str(exc):
        shots = []
    else:
        raise

# 2. Build timeline
timeline = Timeline(conn)

# Title card
title = TextAsset(
    text="Product Launch Highlights",
    duration=4,
    style=TextStyle(fontsize=48, fontcolor="white", boxcolor="#1a1a2e", alpha=0.95),
)
timeline.add_overlay(0, title)

# Append each matching clip
for shot in shots:
    asset = VideoAsset(asset_id=shot.video_id, start=shot.start, end=shot.end)
    timeline.add_inline(asset)

# 3. Generate stream
stream_url = timeline.generate_stream()
print(f"Highlight reel: {stream_url}")

Logo Overlay with Background Music

import videodb
from videodb.timeline import Timeline
from videodb.asset import VideoAsset, AudioAsset, ImageAsset

conn = videodb.connect()
coll = conn.get_collection()

main_video = coll.get_video(main_video_id)
music = coll.get_audio(music_id)
logo = coll.get_image(logo_id)

timeline = Timeline(conn)

# Main video track
timeline.add_inline(VideoAsset(asset_id=main_video.id))

# Background music — disable_other_tracks=False to mix with video audio
timeline.add_overlay(
    0,
    AudioAsset(asset_id=music.id, disable_other_tracks=False, fade_in_duration=3),
)

# Logo in top-right corner for first 10 seconds
timeline.add_overlay(
    0,
    ImageAsset(asset_id=logo.id, duration=10, x=1140, y=20, width=120, height=60),
)

stream_url = timeline.generate_stream()
print(f"Final video: {stream_url}")

Multi-Clip Montage from Multiple Videos

import videodb
from videodb.timeline import Timeline
from videodb.asset import VideoAsset, TextAsset, TextStyle

conn = videodb.connect()
coll = conn.get_collection()

clips = [
    {"video_id": "vid_001", "start": 5, "end": 15, "label": "Scene 1"},
    {"video_id": "vid_002", "start": 0, "end": 20, "label": "Scene 2"},
    {"video_id": "vid_003", "start": 30, "end": 45, "label": "Scene 3"},
]

timeline = Timeline(conn)
timeline_offset = 0.0

for clip in clips:
    # Add a label as an overlay on each clip
    label = TextAsset(
        text=clip["label"],
        duration=2,
        style=TextStyle(fontsize=32, fontcolor="white", boxcolor="#333333"),
    )
    timeline.add_inline(
        VideoAsset(asset_id=clip["video_id"], start=clip["start"], end=clip["end"])
    )
    timeline.add_overlay(timeline_offset, label)
    timeline_offset += clip["end"] - clip["start"]

stream_url = timeline.generate_stream()
print(f"Montage: {stream_url}")

Two Timeline APIs

VideoDB has two separate timeline systems. They are not interchangeable:

	videodb.timeline.Timeline	videodb.editor.Timeline (Editor API)
Import	from videodb.timeline import Timeline	from videodb.editor import Timeline as EditorTimeline
Assets	VideoAsset, AudioAsset, ImageAsset, TextAsset	CaptionAsset, Clip, Track
Methods	add_inline(), add_overlay()	add_track() with Track / Clip
Best for	Video composition, overlays, multi-clip editing	Caption/subtitle styling with animations

Do not mix assets from one API into the other. CaptionAsset only works with the Editor API. VideoAsset / AudioAsset / ImageAsset / TextAsset only work with videodb.timeline.Timeline.

Limitations & Constraints

The timeline editor is designed for non-destructive linear composition. The following operations are not supported:

Not Possible

Limitation	Detail
No transitions or effects	No crossfades, wipes, dissolves, or transitions between clips. All cuts are hard cuts.
No video-on-video (picture-in-picture)	add_inline() only accepts VideoAsset. You cannot overlay one video stream on top of another. Image overlays can approximate static PiP but not live video.
No speed or playback control	No slow-motion, fast-forward, reverse playback, or time remapping. VideoAsset has no speed parameter.
No crop, zoom, or pan	Cannot crop a region of a video frame, apply zoom effects, or pan across a frame. video.reframe() is for aspect-ratio conversion only.
No video filters or color grading	No brightness, contrast, saturation, hue, or color correction adjustments.
No animated text	TextAsset is static for its full duration. No fade-in/out, movement, or animation. For animated captions, use CaptionAsset with the Editor API.
No mixed text styling	A single TextAsset has one TextStyle. Cannot mix bold, italic, or colors within a single text block.
No blank or solid-color clips	Cannot create a solid color frame, black screen, or standalone title card. Text and image overlays require a VideoAsset beneath them on the inline track.
No audio volume control	AudioAsset has no volume parameter. Audio is either full volume or muted via disable_other_tracks. Cannot mix at a reduced level.
No keyframe animation	Cannot change overlay properties over time (e.g., move an image from position A to B).

Constraints

Constraint	Detail
Audio fade max 5 seconds	fade_in_duration and fade_out_duration are capped at 5 seconds each.
Overlay positioning is absolute	Overlays use absolute timestamps from the timeline start. Rearranging inline clips does not move their overlays.
Inline track is video only	add_inline() only accepts VideoAsset. Audio, image, and text must use add_overlay().
No overlay-to-clip binding	Overlays are placed at a fixed timeline timestamp. There is no way to attach an overlay to a specific inline clip so it moves with it.

Tips

• Non-destructive: Timelines never modify source media. You can create multiple timelines from the same assets.
• Overlay stacking: Multiple overlays can start at the same timestamp. Audio overlays mix together; image/text overlays layer in add-order.
• Inline is VideoAsset only: add_inline() only accepts VideoAsset. Use add_overlay() for AudioAsset, ImageAsset, and TextAsset.
• Trim precision: start/end on VideoAsset and AudioAsset are in seconds.
• Muting video audio: Set disable_other_tracks=True on AudioAsset to mute the original video audio when overlaying music or narration.
• Fade limits: fade_in_duration and fade_out_duration on AudioAsset have a maximum of 5 seconds.
• Generated media: Use coll.generate_music(), coll.generate_sound_effect(), coll.generate_voice(), and coll.generate_image() to create media that can be used as timeline assets immediately.