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78 lines
1.5 KiB
Markdown
78 lines
1.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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paths:
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- "**/*.pl"
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- "**/*.pm"
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- "**/*.t"
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- "**/*.psgi"
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- "**/*.cgi"
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---
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# Perl 模式
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> 本文档在 [common/patterns.md](../common/patterns.md) 的基础上扩展了 Perl 特定的内容。
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## 仓储模式
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在接口背后使用 **DBI** 或 **DBIx::Class**：
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```perl
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package MyApp::Repo::User;
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use Moo;
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has dbh => (is => 'ro', required => 1);
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sub find_by_id ($self, $id) {
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my $sth = $self->dbh->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?');
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$sth->execute($id);
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return $sth->fetchrow_hashref;
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}
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```
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## DTOs / 值对象
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使用带有 **Types::Standard** 的 **Moo** 类（相当于 Python 的 dataclasses）：
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```perl
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package MyApp::DTO::User;
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use Moo;
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use Types::Standard qw(Str Int);
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has name => (is => 'ro', isa => Str, required => 1);
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has email => (is => 'ro', isa => Str, required => 1);
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has age => (is => 'ro', isa => Int);
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```
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## 资源管理
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* 始终使用 **三参数 open** 配合 `autodie`
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* 使用 **Path::Tiny** 进行文件操作
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```perl
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use autodie;
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use Path::Tiny;
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my $content = path('config.json')->slurp_utf8;
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```
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## 模块接口
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使用 `Exporter 'import'` 配合 `@EXPORT_OK` — 绝不使用 `@EXPORT`：
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```perl
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use Exporter 'import';
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our @EXPORT_OK = qw(parse_config validate_input);
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```
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## 依赖管理
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使用 **cpanfile** + **carton** 以实现可复现的安装：
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```bash
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carton install
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carton exec prove -lr t/
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```
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## 参考
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查看技能：`perl-patterns` 以获取全面的现代 Perl 模式和惯用法。
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